Health and Safety

Types of Flanges Flanges have been designed and developed to be used in countless application each one has its own special characteristics and should be carefully selected to meet specific functional requirements. The following flanges will be discussed in this chapter weld neck, threaded, socket weld, slip-on, lap-joint, blind, Orifice, and reducing flange. 1. Weld Neck Flange- Weld Neck Flanges transfer the stress from the flange itself into the connected pipe. These are used mainly for all processes and critical services where the weld joints need a radiographic inspection. 2. Socket Weld Flange-  Socket Weld Flanges are welded on one side only these are used for small board blanks only 3. Threaded Flange- Threaded Flanges are used on non-critical piping for air, water, or nitrogen. Usually, the piping material used for threaded piping is Galvanized CS. 4. Lap Joint Flanges- Lap Joint Flanges are used with stub ends. These are welded with pipes ...

We are going discuss hydrostatic test of stored pressure type fire extinguisher what you're going to see full hydrostatic test here, we wanted to give you guys a little bit of idea on how that works whether you are a fire equipment distributor or an end-user.  First, you need to take the extinguisher apart, then get the top off and then go ahead and clean off the tube then clean out the head of the extinguisher you can see there's a lot of foreign matter and dust particles and things inside, blow all that out, run a nylon brush through and then check that valve stem and the spring and make sure that everything is in good working condition. remember that the only difference between six-year care down and the hydrostatic test is simply that you need to fill that shelf full of water you need to pressurize it to three times its operating pressure and a hydrostatic test you need to record all that as opposed is just doing an internal examination and external examination o...

Saudi Aramco Oil Company is one of the biggest oil companies in the world with a 21000+ km long pipeline network having reliable customers around the globe. Safety is the highest priority, so routinely conduct tests designed to measure that pipeline segments are sound, often referred to as pipeline integrity. One of the common methods for checking pipeline integrity is the Hydrostatic Pressure Test. Hydrostatic Pressure Testing is a process that uses water to exert pressure on a pipeline at levels greater than its usual operating pressure to see if it has any leaks. A segment of pipeline designated for testing is temporarily removed from service by closing the nearest valves on both ends to stop the flow of natural gas. To expose and access the pipeline, excavations are dug at both ends of the test segment and the gas remaining inside is safely vented. The short sections of the pipeline are removed to isolate the test segment. Then the open ends on both sides of the te...

Forklifts are widely used to improve the efficiency of logistical distribution systems however this convenience transporting machine may be the cause of serious accidents or casualties if used incorrectly.  In order to prevent accidents and/or casualties, the basic operation of the counterbalance forklifts explained in this article before starting any operation with a forklift ensure the forks are in the proper safe position in accordance with the load or type of pallet to be handled, the recommended width between the forks is 1/2 to 3/4 of the width of the pallet, when adjusting the position of the forks place them equally to the center of the forklift, take extra care to protect hands and fingers from becoming caught in the forks, before getting on inspecting the front and rear surroundings by indication and vocalization mount these at from the left side holding on to the assist grip with your left hand and the seatback with your right hand. Place your left foot on the...

Today we're going to show you the Top 5 Stretches and Exercises for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. So let's get started.  Strech-1 The first stretches are just more of a warm-up. So just make a fist with both hands. Most of the time it's usually in both hands. If it's not it’s still pretty good to do both, and once you make a fist you can keep your elbows bent. If you want to put them straight out you can but this is more of a warm-up, so I usually keep them bent and just bend them down as far as you comfortably can and then up as far as you comfortably can. So almost like you're driving a motorcycle up, but just to kind of a continuing to stretch back and forth. so this is a little bit more just getting it as a warm-up instead of a full stretch, but you’ll feel that stretch in there, so I would say maybe ten each way, but just going up and down just kind of getting those wrist moving a little bit. Especially if you’ve got that carpal tunnel syndrome in there w...

The very first step in selecting a proper fire extinguishers for your home, car or workplace, here we will discuss some common fire extinguishers, types and what kind of fires they're best suited for. Before we talk about the types of fire and fire extinguishers though it's important that you understand how fire actually works. Essentially there are three main elements that must be present for a fire to come in existence, and these elements include oxygen to sustain combustion, heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature, and fuel to support the combustion. When these elements combine, it creates a chemical reaction which can cause fire, in order to extinguish any fire, you must remove at least one of these four elements as we go over the different types of fire extinguishers you will see and how they each work differently based on the type of fire you're fighting. Types of Fire Extinguisher and their uses- Water-Fire Extinguisher  and Water with additi...

Welcome to occupational noise exposure, overview 22 million workers are exposed to potentially damaging noise at work each year. Last year US business paid more than 1.5 million in penalties for not protecting workers from noise. While it’s impossible to put a number to the human toll of hearing loss, an estimated 242 million is spent annually on workers' compensation for hearing loss disability objectives. Today you will learn about occupational noise exposure and the risks associated with it. While on the job you will learn proper steps and procedures for hearing protection and what is required to protect yourself. You will see examples of proper hearing protection that you will use to help prevent occupational noise exposure. What is the noise? Noise and vibration are both fluctuations in the pressure of air which affect the human body vibrations that are detected by the human ear are classified as sound the term noise indicates unwanted sound. Noise is measured in ...

ISO stands for the International Organization for Standardization, it was French and so that's why it comes out ISO instead of “IOS”. The ISO Technical Committee 145 standardizes graphical symbols on a worldwide basis, as well as safety sign formats and safety label formats and colors and how you integrate the symbols and colors onto signage. Yellow- So the safety can be communicated on a worldwide basis consistently that's the key consistency yellow is used on a warning sign and your warning triangle and it's the background color for a black symbol it indicates that our potential hazard is present. Red- There are prohibition signs, it's a red circle with a red slash going through it at a 45-degree angle upper left to lower right and it has a black graphic symbol behind it and those signs indicate something that you should not do or you have the potential to interact with a hazard and get hurt. Blue- You have mandatory action signs and these are blue circle...

We’re going to be talking about Safety hard hat standards. OSHA standards state that a safety helmet must be worn when working in areas where there is potential for injury to the head from falling objects. There are two types of hard hats classified by ANSI standard, Z89.1 -2014 for different levels of protection. Type (1) -hard hats are designed to protect only from the top of your head. Class C- hard hats are considered conductive and do not provide any electrical protection.  These are typically vented and only protect workers from impact, this helmet becomes class-E compliant.-hard hats are designed to reduce force from lateral the impact such as an off-center impact, and side-impact, as well as top of the head. These helmets have visible padding on the sides. The helmet sets the standard in type 1 protection. With a strong chin strap, vented holes, and a webbing suspension system, this helmet is the preferred choice for comfort and strength. Hard h...

According to the OSHA, enough people in the world suffer eye injuries at work, each and every month of the year to fill this entire arena past its seating capacity. And if that's a depressing statistic, here's a related one. Ninety percent of those injuries would have been prevented just by the use of proper eyewear. There are dozens of things in every workplace that pose hazards to our eyes, those most fragile exposed parts of our bodies. Sparks, chemicals, flying particles, and a significant number of trips to the emergency room, every year are caused by splinters in the eye. The effect of those hazards can be demonstrated by a common tool and one that’s a common source of injuries: the stapler. An injury like that would probably have been prevented just by wearing ordinary glasses. However ordinary eyeglasses aren’t really an effective form of eye protection as this person discovered while operating a powered lawn edger. Nail guns, for example, are causing more and ...

We know that a lens is an optical device that transmits and refracts light. Our eyes too have lenses that enable us to see objects around us. Let us see how the eye is put together and how it works. At the very front of the eye is a transparent structure called the cornea that helps to focus the incoming light. Behind the cornea is the iris . The iris has a circular opening called the pupil . The pupil expands or contracts to depend on the amount of light entering the eye. Behind the pupil is a colorless, transparent crystalline convex lens surrounded by the ciliary muscles . The muscles hold the lens in place and help to change the focal length by adjusting the curvature of the lens. To view a distant object, the muscles relax, the lens becomes thin and its focal length increases. To view a nearby object, the muscles contract, the lens becomes thick and its focal length decreases. This ability to adjust its focal length is called the power of accommodation of the eye. Th...

Have a glance at the spritzer nature at its excited best turquoise blue sky, an eyeful of green sparkling waters barraging wilderness and what about the land of vanishing beauty shrinking open space of gray concrete sooty air, drying land, dirty waters, and endangered wilderness. This change, which is named environmental degradation has become a serious issue before the planet. Let’s then begin with water pollution. Pollution is an undesirable change in the physicochemical or biological characteristics of air, water, and soil. Due to the addition of materials or energy in quantity, and quality which is harmful to living beings including man, thus substances that contaminate air, water, and soil are called pollutants. Pollutants may be gases like carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, and nitric oxides. Metals like lead, zinc, and Mercury. Chemicals like aldehydes, detergents, pesticides, herbicides, and CFCs sewage radioactive wastes, and soon types of pollution are air, water, land...

Welcome! Back again and I am here for you guys to provide some information on the heat stress as of the approach towards the summer is putting in place which may be a reminder to us all of the necessity to acknowledge, and act to stop, the harmful effects of excessive heat. Workers are particularly susceptible to the health impacts of heat exposure.  Workers may experience longer or more intense heat exposures and are more likely to have interaction in heavy physical activity within the heat than the overall public. Also, in many cases workers depend upon their employers to produce opportunities for limiting their time within the heat, ensuring adequate rest breaks, and promoting hydration. In this blog, we are going to discuss what's Heat Stress? Symptoms associated, a way to Prevent Heat Illness, a way to Protect Workers from heat stress, Heatstroke, the effect of Short term (i.e. Acute) & long run  (i.e. Chronic), a way to protect yourself against heat stress, what's ...